Normandy, North, South, East and West, has numerous war cemeteries, mostly from World War Two but also from World War One. The coastline of western Normandy, through the history of one pivotal day – D-Day June 6th 1944, has made it one of the most vi...

The Kingdom of Serbia waged war against Austria-Hungary and the other Central Powers from 28 July 1914 when the Austro-Hungarian government declared war, until the capitulation of Austria-Hungary. In the first two years of the war, Serbia defeated th...

The spread of Islam eastward into South and Southeast Asia was one of the most significant cultural shifts in world history. As it expanded into these regions, Islam was received by cultures vastly different from those in the Middle East, incorporati...

To many, Newark seems a profound symbol of postwar liberalism's failings: an impoverished, deeply divided city where commitments to integration and widespread economic security went up in flames during the 1967 riots. While it's true that these faili...

In April 1644, two nuns fled Bologna's convent for reformed prostitutes. A perfunctory archiepiscopal investigation went nowhere, and the nuns were quickly forgotten. By June of the next year, however, an overwhelming stench drew a woman to the wine...

"Lebensraum": the entitlement of "legitimate" Germans to living space.  "Entfernung": the expulsion of "undesirables" to create empty space for German resettlement. During his thirteen years leading Germany, Hitler developed and made use of a number...

How old are you? The more thought you bring to bear on the question, the harder it is to answer. For we age simultaneously in different ways: biologically, psychologically, socially. And we age within the larger framework of a culture, in the midst o...

With "England's Great Transformation", Marc W. Steinberg throws a wrench into our understanding of the English Industrial Revolution, largely revising the thesis at heart of Karl Polanyi's landmark "The Great Transformation". The conventional wisdom...

The typical town springs up around a natural resource – a river, an ocean, an exceptionally deep harbor – or in proximity to a larger, already thriving town. Not so with "new towns", which are created by decree rather than out of necessity and are of...

For more than fifty years, Robert G. McCloskey's classic work on the Supreme Court's role in constructing the US Constitution has introduced generations of students to the workings of our nation's highest court. As in prior editions, McCloskey's orig...